Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What is Fenugreek, and How Does It Work?
Fenugreek is an annual herb with light green leaves and small white flowers. It's part of the pea family (Fabaceae) and also known as Greek hay (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants are about 2 to 3 feet tall. Seed pods have 10-20 small yellow-brown, pungent, aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seed have a bitter taste similar to celery or maple syrup. They are used in medicine. However, it has a far more pleasant taste when cooked.
Fenugreek is most commonly used for its graecum seeds. These are typically dried and ground. The leaves are often used in cooking as well.
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation. It can be taken orally. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
As noted in the book "Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety," fenugreek extract and oil are known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antitumorigenic activities. It is cultivated in India, North Africa, Egypt, and the Middle East. It has been used in traditional medicine for centuries.
The fenugreek herb acts as a gum and an emulsifier, making it useful as a stabilizer as well as thickening agent for food. It's also used as a spice and flavoring agent in food preparation.
Nutrition Facts
One serving -- 1 tablespoon -- of fenugreek seeds contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.4 grams
2.5 grams protein
0.7% of fat
Fiber content: 2.7 grams
3.7 milligrams iron (20 percent DV)
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
Copper, 0.1 milligram (6 percent DV).
21 milligrams magnesium (5 percent DV)
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
While more research is needed in terms of identifying and confirming all of the plant's benefits, this herb has been shown to help with numerous health issues. Here are nine benefits of fenugreek.
1. This can help improve your digestion and reduce cholesterol
This herb may help with numerous digestive problems, such as upset stomach, constipation and inflammation of the stomach. Research has shown that fenugreek's water-soluble fiber, which is also found in other foods, can help relieve constipation.
It also works to improve digestion and is often incorporated in an ulcerative colitis diet treatment plan due to its anti-inflammatory effects. This herb may be beneficial to those suffering from heart disease, such as hardening or high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
It may also help diabetics. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. Reduces inflammation in the body
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation, which can lead to health problems and diseases such as:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues beneath the surface of the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney disease
This herbal remedy may not only have preventative benefits for these conditions but it is also thought to lower blood sugar. It could be helpful in managing metabolic and nutritional disorders such as diabetes. A 2017 study showed that the simple addition of fenugreek to a diet plan and exercise can have a synergistic impact on fasting glucose levels.
The study involved 10 grams of seeds that were soaked in hot, boiling water daily for patients with type 2.
Fenugreek may slow the absorption sugars in your stomach and stimulate insulin. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the spice is known as a "phlegm mover" and is said to break up stuck energies and cool inflammation within the body.
International Immunopharmacology published research that confirmed the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of fenugreek. It also "demonstrated the potential beneficiary effect of fenugreek mucilage on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats," meaning this herb may be an effective natural arthritis treatment as well.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Fenugreek can be used to treat erectile dysfunction, hernias and other male issues, including baldness. This is because it can increase sexual arousal or testosterone levels.
While it's best to consult with a physician before using natural therapies for treating disease or improving sexual performance, fenugreek seed powder, fenugreek tea and tablets have been shown to increase sexual desire and performance in men, as well as naturally remedy impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
Through self-evaluation, the participants noted their results with fenugreek, reporting that the fenugreek dietary supplement had a positive effect on their libidos. Ultimately, the study found that fenugreek extract had a significant influence on sexual arousal, energy and stamina and helped participants maintain normal testosterone levels.
4. Promotes Milk Flow in Breastfeeding
Fenugreek can also be used to help breastfeeding mothers who have low milk supply. It can increase breast milk production because it acts as a galactagogue.
Galactagogues can be substances that increase milk supply. They stimulate the milk ducts and can increase milk production in as little as 24 hours.
While further research is necessary to determine the exact safety and efficacy fenugreek has for breast milk production, many scientific journals have published studies that show its effectiveness in promoting milk flow.
This is a potential benefit of fenugreek seed seeds for women. However, research generally recommends that you seek help from a lactation consultant if you have issues with breastmilk production.
5. It can be used to treat skin, scalp and wound issues
In addition to lowering internal inflammation, fenugreek is sometimes warmed and used externally as a poultice. This can be used to treat external inflammation, according to research.
Pain and swelling in the muscles and lymph nodes
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
To ensure the area does not become further inflamed or burn, it is important to first test it.
There are also fenugreek benefits for hair. Although research is limited, anecdotal reports suggest that fenugreek tea and fenugreek seed powder can be used on your hair to promote hair growth and improve texture.
6. Adds flavor and spice to food
Fenugreek is a common ingredient in Indian food, especially curried dishes. It can also be used to flavor imitation maple syrup, food, beverages, and tobacco.
Fenugreek leaves can also be used in salads. Fresh and dried leaves can also be used in Indian cooking.
7. This helps to increase appetite
Fenugreek is not only a flavor enhancer, but it also has appetite stimulators that can be used to improve digestion and other nutritive properties.
The effects of a fenugreek extract on feeding behavior was the subject of a study published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The results showed that chronic oral administration of the fenugreek extract significantly increased food intake and the motivation to eat. The report also indicated, however, that the treatment does not prevent anorexia nor the decreased motivation to eat.
8. May increase exercise performance
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine published a study examining the effects of creatine and fenugreek oils supplementation on strength and physique in men.
Forty-seven resistance-trained men were divided into two groups according to body weight. The men were then given either 70g of a placebo dextrose, 5g of creatine, 70g of dextrose or 3.5g of creatine. They also had to take 900 mgs of fenugreek and participate in a periodized resistance training program that lasts for four days.
Body composition, muscular strength endurance and anaerobic capacity of participants were tested. The creatine/fenugreek group showed significant increases in lean mass, bench press and leg press strength.
The study concluded that creatine combined with fenugreek extract supplementation had a significant impact on upper body strength and body composition as effectively as the combination of creatine with dextrose.
What makes this so special? This is why fenugreek is so good.
9. Helps Improve Blood Sugar
A clinical trial found that consuming fenugreek leaves soaked in hot water can be a complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Eight weeks passed before 11 of the 18 participants ate fenugreek seed soaked in hotwater, while seven others ate fenugreek seed mixed with yogurt. The blood glucose levels of participants who ate the seeds soaked with hot water were significantly lower than those who ate them mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek, exactly? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes).
Fenugreek has a long history as both a culinary and medicinal herb in the ancient world. Fenugreek is used to cook, stimulate milk production and for traditional remedies such as diabetes and lack of appetite.
To reduce inflammation, it can also be applied to the hair and skin.
Here are some of these most common uses for plants:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek tea or supplements may increase breast milk production, particularly in the first few days after childbirth.
Digestive issues: Fenugreek seed powder, tea or supplements can help with constipation, upset stomach, and loss of appetite.
To reduce inflammation and pain, fenugreek can be used topically as an anti-inflammatory poultice.
Cholesterol: Although evidence is mixed, fenugreek powder or supplementation may be able to lower high cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seeds or oil can be applied topically for skin improvement and inflammatory disease symptoms.
Hair health: Mix fenugreek seeds powder with coconut oil, aloe vera, and massage into your scalp. Let it sit for five minutes and then rinse.
Exercise performance: Although there is mixed research on fenugreek for testosterone levels, supplementing with the plant for eight weeks may improve exercise performance and decrease body fat.
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